{"id":8036,"date":"2020-04-16T15:50:01","date_gmt":"2020-04-16T13:50:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.via-internet.de\/?p=6366"},"modified":"2023-08-07T17:34:33","modified_gmt":"2023-08-07T15:34:33","slug":"powershell-cookbook","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/via-internet.de\/blog\/2020\/04\/16\/powershell-cookbook\/","title":{"rendered":"Power Shell | Cookbook"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Scripts<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Parameter in a Powershell Script<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
param (\n    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]  [string] $folder = \"\",\n    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)] [string] $type,\n    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)] [switch] $migrate,\n    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)] [switch] $help\n)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Call the Script<\/p>\n\n\n\n
.\\script.ps1 foldername\n.\\script.ps1 foldername -type=folder\n\n.\\script.ps1 foldername -type=folder -migrate<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Parameter Debug and Verbose<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
This parameter could not be defined in a script, because they are already present.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
param (\n    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)] [switch] $debug\n)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
.\\using_parameter.ps1 : Ein Parameter mit dem Namen \"Debug\" wurde mehrfach f\u00fcr den Befehl definiert.\nIn Zeile:1 Zeichen:1\n+ .\\using_parameter.ps1\n+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\n    + CategoryInfo          : MetadataError: (:) [], MetadataException\n    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : ParameterNameAlreadyExistsForCommand<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
To access their values, use<\/p>\n\n\n\n
param (\n    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)] [switch] $help\n)\n\n$debug   = $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('Debug')\n$verbose = $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('Verbose')\n\nWrite-Host \"help    = $help\"\nWrite-Host \"debug   = $debug\"\nWrite-Host \"verbose = $verbose\"<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
> .\\using_parameter.ps1  -debug -help\nhelp    = True\ndebug   = True\nverbose = False\n> .\\using_parameter.ps1  -debug \nhelp    = False\ndebug   = True\nverbose = False\n> .\\using_parameter.ps1  -debug -verbose\nhelp    = False\ndebug   = True\nverbose = True<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
String<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Converting String to TitleCase<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
function toTitleCase($string) {\n    return $string.substring(0,1).toupper()+$string.substring(1).tolower()\n\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Filesystem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
List of Files in a Folder<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Command<\/th>Description<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Get-ChildItem<\/code><\/td>Folders and Files<\/td><\/tr>
Get-ChildItem -Directory<\/code><\/td>Only Folders<\/td><\/tr>
Get-ChildItem -File<\/code><\/td>Only Files<\/td><\/tr>
Get-ChildItem -Recurse -Directory<\/code><\/td>Only Folders, Recursive<\/td><\/tr>
Get-ChildItem -Recurse -File<\/code><\/td>Only Files, Recursive<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
(ls -r *.txt).fullname<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Get-ChildItem -recurse -Filter .editorconfig -path . | \n\n\n\n
dir -Path . -Filter ProfileInformationController* -Recurse | \n\n\n\n
Counting Files<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Command<\/th>Description<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
(Get-ChildItem | Measure-Object).Count<\/code><\/td>Count the files and folders<\/td><\/tr>
(Get-ChildItem -Directory<\/code> | Measure-Object).Count<\/td>Only Folders<\/td><\/tr>
(Get-ChildItem -File<\/code> | Measure-Object).Count<\/td>Only Files<\/td><\/tr>
(Get-ChildItem -Recurse -Directory<\/code> | Measure-Object).Count<\/td>Only Folders, Recursive<\/td><\/tr>
(Get-ChildItem -Recurse -File<\/code> | Measure-Object).Count<\/td>Only Files, Recursive<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Using \u00a0Scripting.FileSystemObject<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
$objFSO = New-Object -com \u00a0Scripting.FileSystemObject\n$objFSO.GetFolder($folder).Files.Count<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Find a  Folders within a Folder (not recursive)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
(Get-ChildItem --Attributes Directory).Name<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Run Command for each Folder<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
(Get-ChildItem  -Attributes Directory).Name | \n\n\n\n
With Enumerator<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
[IO.Directory]::EnumerateFiles($folder) | ForEach-Object {\n    Write-Host $_\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Find all folders with Pattern <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Get-ChildItem -recurse -depth 2 -directory -path ..\\packages_flutter | `\nWhere-Object { $_.FullName -match 'example' }                        | `\n\n\n\n\n\n
Delete files with pattern<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Get-ChildItem *.code -recurse | foreach { Remove-Item -Path $_.FullName }<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Get-ChildItem -Path C:Temp -Include *.* -File -Recurse | foreach { $_.Delete()}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Files<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Filename and Extension of File with Split-Path<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Filename<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Split-Path -Path <PATH> -Leaf<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Folder<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Split-Path -Path <PATH><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Extension<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Split-Path -Path <PATH> -Extension<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Create File<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
New-Item new.txt -type file<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Loop through entries of a textfile<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Get-Content list-of-folders | Where-Object {$_ -NotMatch \"#.*\" } | ForEach-Object { \n    .\\check_folder.ps1$_\n    # Write-Host \"Weiter -->\" -NoNewLine\n    # $key = $Host.UI.RawUI.ReadKey()\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Loop through results from Select-String<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Here is an example that greps for a string and uses the results in a loop to determine if some action should be taken<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$pattern = \"powershell\"\n$files = Select-String -Path \"d:\\script\\*.txt\" -Pattern $pattern\nforeach ($file in $files) {\n   $filename=$file.Filename\n   $item = get-item $file.Path\n    \"File '{0}' matches the pattern '{1}'\" -f $item.FullName, $pattern\n    \"It was last modified on {0}\" -f $item.LastWriteTime\n \n   $response = Read-Host -Prompt \"Set the archive bit on this file?\" \n   If ($response -eq 'Y') {\n      $item.attributes=\"Archive\"\n   }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Check if a file exist<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Test-Path $PROFILE<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Searching in Files<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Get-ChildItem -Recurse | Select-String \"dummy\" -List | Select Path<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Get-ChildItem -Recurse *.sql | Select-String \"create .*_tab_\" | Select-Object -Unique Path<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Select-String -path *.txt -pattern PowerShell\n\nSelect-String -path *.txt -pattern PowerShell -notmatch<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Parsing Files<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Get first line of output<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$eventResult.Split([Environment]::NewLine) | Select -First 1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Web<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Download Web-Page<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri <link><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
List all Links<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
$response = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri <link>\n$response.links | Select -Expand href<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
List all Links with filtering href by RegEx<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
$response.Links | Where-Object {$_.href -like \"*videos*\" } | ForEach-Object { $_.href }<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
List all Links with filtering class name by RegEx<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
$response.Links | Where-Object {$_.class -eq \"page-numbers\"} | Format-List innerText, href<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Download and Install Visual Studio Code in portable Mode<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
$FOLDER=Get-Date -Format \"yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm\"\n\nWrite-Host \"Create link for folder $FOLDER\"\n\n\n# Download\n# https:\/\/code.visualstudio.com\/sha\/download?build=stable&os=win32-x64-archive\n# https:\/\/code.visualstudio.com\/sha\/download?build=insider&os=win32-x64-archive\n\n$LINK=\"https:\/\/code.visualstudio.com\/sha\/download?build=insider&os=win32-x64-archive\"\n$FILE=\"vscode-insider.zip\"\n\nif (Test-Path \"$FILE\") {\n\tRemove-Item \"$FILE\"\n}\n\nInvoke-WebRequest \"$LINK\" -OutFile \"$FILE\"\n\nExpand-Archive \"$FILE\" \"$FOLDER\"\n\nif (Test-Path $FOLDER\\data)\n{\n\tRemove-Item $FOLDER\\data\n}\n\n\nif (Test-Path code) { Remove-Item code }\n\n# Using junction from SysInternalsSuite to create symlinks\n\njunction code $FOLDER\njunction code\\data data<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Environment<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Show env variables<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
gci env:* | Sort-Object Name<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Show env variables with name pattern<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
gci env: | Where name -like '*HOME<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Processes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
List Processes and Path<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Get-Process | Select-Object Path<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Show processes using a specific port<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Get-Process -Id (Get-NetTCPConnection -LocalPort YourPortNumberHere).OwningProcess<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Network<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Pipeline<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Parse out from command<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
$REPOSITORY=<URL of Repository>\ngit branch -r | ForEach-Object { Write-Output \"git clone -b $_ $REPOSITORY $_\" } | Out-File -FilePath .clone-all-branches<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Permissions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Show current policy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Get-ExecutionPolicy<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Allow custom scripts to execute<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope CurrentUser unrestricted<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Security<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Self-Sign a script<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Step 1: Create your code signing certificate<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
New-SelfSignedCertificate -DnsName user@via-internet.de `\n                          -CertStoreLocation Cert:\\currentuser\\my  `\n                          -Subject \"CN=Local Code Signing\"  `\n                          -KeyAlgorithm RSA  `\n                          -KeyLength 2048  `\n                          -Provider \"Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider\"  `\n                          -KeyExportPolicy Exportable  `\n                          -KeyUsage DigitalSignature  `\n                          -Type CodeSigningCert<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Step 2: Open the Certificate Manager for Current User<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
certmgr \/s my<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Step 3: Copy the new certificate to the appropriate cert stores<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
From Personal folder<\/code> into Trusted Root Certification Authorities<\/code> and into Trusted Publishers stores<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
German: Von Eigene Zertifikate<\/code> nach Vertrauensw\u00fcrdige Stammzertifizierungsstellen<\/code> und Vertrauensw\u00fcrdige Herausgeber<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Step 4: Sign your PowerShell script with the new cert<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
$CERT=@(Get-ChildItem cert:\\CurrentUser\\My -CodeSigning)[1]\nSet-AuthenticodeSignature .\\HelloWorld.ps1 $CERT<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Or<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u276f Set-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath .\\HelloWorld.ps1 -Certificate (Get-ChildItem -Path Cert:CurrentUserMy -CodeSigningCert)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Final Check<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u276f Get-AuthenticodeSignature .\\HelloWorld.ps1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Github<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Download Repositories<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
gh repo list <github username> --limit 1000 | \n\n\n\n
Profiles<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Different PowerShell profiles<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Description<\/strong><\/td>Path<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Current User, Current Host \u2013 console<\/td>$Home[My ]DocumentsWindowsPowerShellProfile.ps1<\/td><\/tr>
Current User, All Hosts   <\/td>$Home[My ]DocumentsProfile.ps1<\/td><\/tr>
All Users, Current Host \u2013 console   <\/td>$PsHomeMicrosoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1<\/td><\/tr>
All Users, All Hosts      <\/td>$PsHomeProfile.ps1<\/td><\/tr>
Current user, Current Host \u2013 ISE<\/td>$Home[My ]DocumentsWindowsPowerShellMicrosoft.P owerShellISE_profile.ps1<\/td><\/tr>
 All users, Current Host \u2013 ISE  <\/td>$PsHomeMicrosoft.PowerShellISE_profile.ps1<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n
Show Path for all profiles<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
$PROFILE | Format-List * -Force<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Create a new profile<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
New-Item $PROFILE.CurrentUserAllHosts -ItemType file -Force<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Customizing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Theming<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/ohmyposh.dev\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Install Posh-Git and Oh-My-Posh.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
Install-Module posh-git   -Scope CurrentUser\nInstall-Module oh-my-posh -Scope CurrentUser<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
Install-Module -Name PSReadLine -AllowPrerelease -Scope CurrentUser -Force -SkipPublisherCheck<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Then run “notepad $PROFILE” and add these lines to the end:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Import-Module posh-git\nImport-Module oh-my-posh\n\nSet-Theme Paradox<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Set a custom theme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Import-Module posh-git\nImport-Module oh-my-posh\nSet-Theme Paradox<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Show current theme settings<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
$ThemeSettings<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
$ThemeSettings.CurrentThemeLocation<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Customize Prompt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Show current Path<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function prompt\n{\n    \"PS \" + $(get-location) + \"> \"\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Randor Color<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function prompt\n{\n    $random = new-object random\n    $color=[System.ConsoleColor]$random.next(1,16)\n    Write-Host (\"PS \" + $(get-location) +\">\") -nonewline -foregroundcolor $color\n    return \" \"\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Display current time at the end of prompt line (this will mess up you console buffer)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
function prompt\n{\n    $oldposition = $host.ui.rawui.CursorPosition\n    $Endline = $oldposition\n    $Endline.X+=60\n    $host.ui.rawui.CursorPosition = $Endline\n    Write-Host $(get-date).Tostring(\"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss\")\n    $host.ui.rawui.CursorPosition = $oldposition\n    Write-Host (\"PS \" + $(get-location) +\">\") -nonewline -foregroundcolor Magenta\n    return \" \"\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Show current user, host, current line number<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$global:CurrentUser = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()\nfunction prompt\n{\n    $host.ui.rawui.WindowTitle = $CurrentUser.Name + \" \" + $Host.Name + \" \" + $Host.Version + \" Line: \" + $host.UI.RawUI.CursorPosition.Y\n    Write-Host (\"PS \" + $(get-location) +\">\") -nonewline -foregroundcolor Magenta\n    return \" \"\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Weitere Anpassungsm\u00f6glichkeiten<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.norlunn.net\/2019\/10\/07\/powershell-customize-the-prompt\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Security<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u276f New-SelfSignedCertificate -DnsName user@via-internet.de -CertStoreLocation Cert:CurrentUserMy -Type CodeSigning\n\n   PSParentPath: Microsoft.PowerShell.SecurityCertificate::CurrentUserMy\n\nThumbprint                                Subject              EnhancedKeyUsageList\n----------                                -------              --------------------\n4AED871E6DB5FF3E85EB1625C5369DBDB3E120FD  CN=user@via-interne\u2026 Codesignatur<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u276f Set-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath demo.ps1 -Certificate (Get-ChildItem -Path Cert:CurrentUserMy -CodeSigningCert)\n\n    Directory: D:TMP\n\nSignerCertificate                         Status                               StatusMessage                     Path\n-----------------                         ------                               -------------                     ----\n4AED871E6DB5FF3E85EB1625C5369DBDB3E120FD  Valid                                Signature verified.               demo.ps1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Final Check<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u276f Get-AuthenticodeSignature .demo.ps1\n\n    Directory: D:CLOUDEnvironmentsKeycloakKeycloak12.0.1bin\n\nSignerCertificate                         Status                                StatusMessage                    Path\n-----------------                         ------                                -------------                    ---\n4AED871E6DB5FF3E85EB1625C5369DBDB3E120FD  Valid                                 Signature verified.              demo.ps1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
From Bash to Powershell<\/h2>\n\n\n\n